1. She apologized for _____ the party.

A. not her being able to attend

B. her not being able to attend

C. her being able not to attend

D. her being notable to attend

2. I advised _____ , but he turned me a deaf ear.

A. him not to smoke again

B. him to smoke not again

C. him to not smoke again

D. not him to smoke again

3. Weighing five hundred pounds, _____.

A. the cupboard could not be moved.

B. she could not move the cupboard.

C. the cupboard was too heavy for one person to move.

D. the cupboard was unable to move.

4. Asked about the new play, ____.

A. his answer was confident

B. he was confidently answered

C. he answered confidently

D. his answers were confident

5. _____ black clouds covering the sky, he stopped his work and went home.

A. To see

B. Having been seeing

C. Seeing

D. having to see

1. B 她为没能参加那次聚会而道歉。apologize for　为……而道歉;for 为介词，后跟名词或动名词，动名词的否定式是其前面直接加否定词not，故B正确。

2. A 我再次建议他不要再吸烟了，但他好像没有听到一样。turn sb a deaf ear 不听某人的话。advise sb (not) to do sth 建议某人(不要)做某事。注意：不定式的否定式也是其前面直接加否定词not, 故A正确。

3. C cupboard 小橱，碗橱; 那个碗橱有五百磅重，要想移动对于个人来说是太重了。我们看B选项：she could not move the cupboard. 这句本身没有错误，但是分词Weighing five hundred pounds，的逻辑主语不是她(she)，而是the cupboard。分词短语做状语时，其逻辑主语要和主句主语保持一致.

4.C 被问及这次新的演出时，他回答得很自信。Confidently 是副词，修饰动词answer，放在动词前面后面都可以。过去分词做状语，含被动意义，这里asked的逻辑主语是he, 而不是his answer. 故A, D排除，再看：B, C , “他回答”是主动语态，所以B项被动形式错误，正确答案为：C。

5.C 看到乌云遮盖了天空，他就停下工作回家了。现在分词做伴随状语，其逻辑主语是主句主语：he. 主动语态，故C正确.B被动形式排除.选项A是不定式形式，表目的，将来要发生的动作，译为：为了要看乌云遮盖天空，他......显然不合题意。D.没有这种用法.

6. _____ , the inhabitants fled.

A. The city taken

B. The city having been taken

C. Having taken the city

D. The city being taken

7. _____ , he works very late at nigh.

A. Having been choosing director

B. Choosing director

C. Having chosen director

D. Being chosen director

8. Does he have difficulty _____ English?

A. to speak

B. speak

C. speaking

D. spoke

9. In winter we go _____ on the hill.

A. skiing

B. to ski

C. ski

D. for ski

10. She _____ playing volley-ball very much.

A. has

B. wants

C. lets

D. enjoys

6. B fled 的原形是：flee , 意思是'逃走，逃避';这个城市被占领了，居民们就四处逃生了.这是一个独立主格结构，两句的主语不是一个.

7. D 由于被选为主任，他晚上工作到很晚.Being chosen director现在分词短语作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句：Because he was chosen director.

8. C 他在学习英语上有困难吗?have difficulty (in) doing 干什么有困难;其中in 可以省略.固定短语，故C正确.

9. A 冬季我们去山上滑雪.　go skiing 去滑雪;

10.D 她非常喜欢打排球;enjoy doing sth 喜欢干什么事.

11. The reason _____ I can’t come is that I have to prepare for the coming exam.

A. for

B. as

C. because

D. why

12. She studied hard at school when she was young; _____ contributes to her success in her career.

A. that

B. so that

C. so

D. which

13. Sound waves travel in the air in much the same way _____ water waves spread on the water.

A. as

B. that

C. where

D. in which

14. I’ve got a bottle of beer, but I haven’t got anything _____ I can open it with.

A. that

B. what

C. where

D. which

15. Writers can accurately describe objects ______ have never seen.

A. who

B. if they

C. they

D. that

11. D 我不能来来的原因是我必须得为马上来临的考试做准备了.reason 原因，why 引导原因状语从句。

12. D 年轻时她在学样学习很用功，这对她在以后的职业生涯中取得成功有很大贡献。这是非限制性定语从句，前面整个句子做先行词，则定语从句只能用关系代词which，故选D。

13. A 声波在空气中的传播跟在水面的传播方式是一样的。As引导方式状语从句。引导方式状语从句的从属连词有：as, as if, as though, just as等。

14. D 我买了一瓶啤酒，但是我没有什么东西用来打开它。句子“I can open it with”中缺少宾语，关系代词前有介词时：指人就用whom，指物就用which，故选择：D。

15. C 作家们能准确地描述出他们曾见过的事物的特征。